RNA Sequencing Demystified: From Sample Prep to Insight in Five Steps

Gynecological cancers, including ovarian, cervical, uterine, and endometrial cancers, remain some of the most complex malignancies to study. While survival has improved in many cancers, uterine corpus cancer is trending upward; in 2025, the U.S. is expected to see 69,120 new cases and 13,860 deaths, and mortality increased about 1.5% per year from 2013 to 2022. These trends point to the need for deeper molecular data to guide translational research.

Transcriptome sequencing to uncover gene expression signatures and disease biomarkers

Transcriptome sequencing/RNA sequencing allows unbiased characterization of global gene expression profiles associated with different cells/tissues. As genes govern cellular function, transcriptome profile can provide valuable insights into molecular mechanisms operating in a biospecimen. RNA sequencing has transformed biological research by discovering almost all transcripts encoded by a genome including mRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and miRNAs. It has also revealed many alternatively spliced variants which is a common feature among complex multicellular organisms. It has revolutionized biomedical research by enabling characterization of global gene expression profiles associated with cells/tissues in healthy and disease conditions. Understanding molecular mechanisms of disease has paved way for identification of biomarkers and development of novel drugs targeting specific genes that drive disease pathology.